FTC Issues Report to Congress on Adoption Practices

The Federal Trade Commission issued a report to Congress detailing the agency’s efforts to protect consumers interested in private adoption. Families often turn to third-party intermediaries that facilitate an adoption in return for a fee that can amount to tens of thousands of dollars. 

“The Trump-Vance FTC is focused on promoting the flourishing of all families in order to ensure a vibrant and healthy society,” the report stated. “As part of that mission, the FTC is committed to ensuring that families are protected from unlawful practices when they seek to grow their families through adoption.”

As part of the fiscal year 2026 funding bill, Congress directed the Commission to continue monitoring for unfair or deceptive business practices in this area. Congress also charged the Commission with producing a report within 120 days summarizing its oversight efforts.

In September 2024, after reviewing consumer complaints concerning potentially unlawful practices involving adoption intermediaries, the FTC issued warning letters reminding 31 companies of their obligation to advertise fairly and honestly, according to the report. The letters also noted that the Consumer Review Fairness Act makes it unlawful for an adoption intermediary to include standardized provisions in agreements that prohibit, threaten, or punish clients for providing negative reviews.

The report also noted that the Commission has issued guidance for consumers interested in adoption.

Finally, the report reiterated the Commission’s call on the public to file complaints and reports as the agency continues to monitor this area. Consumers and honest businesses who notice problematic conduct are encouraged to report to the FTC via ReportFraud.ftc.gov to assist the Commission in its ongoing oversight role.

The Commission vote to approve the report was 2-0.